1. No ke aha lāolonāmanaʻo ʻoluʻolu?
ʻIke ʻia ka olonā e ka pā anuanu, hiki ke hoʻēmi i ka nui o ka hou ʻana, i nā lā wela e ʻaʻahu i ka pulupulu maʻemaʻe, ʻo ka hou he 1.5 mau manawa ma mua o ka olonā. Inā he olonā a puni ʻoe a kāʻei iā ia i loko o kou poho lima, e ʻike ʻoe he anuanu mau ka olonā ma kou lima a ʻaʻole e wela. E hoʻāʻo i ka pulupulu. E wela ia ma hope o kekahi manawa.
olonāHe mea ʻoluʻolu ke komo i ke kauwela no ka mea, ʻo ia ka olonā kūlohelohe hygroscopic loa a me ka hygroscopic.
He ʻano lau nahele ka olonā, a he mau haneli o nā ʻano olonā, a ʻo ka ʻoihana lole ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka olonā olonā, a ulu ka ʻano anuanu, a lahilahi ke anawaena o ke koʻokoʻo, a ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ma waena o 1 ~ 1.2 mika, a ʻo ke anawaena o ke koʻokoʻo ma waena o 1 ~ 2cm.
ʻO ka olonā i loko o ke kaʻina ulu 30-40 lā, kēlā me kēia 1kg o ka ulu ʻana o ka olonā, e hāʻawi i ka 470kg o ka wai, no laila he ikaika ko ka olonā i ka omo ʻana i ka wai a me ka hiki ke lawe i ka wai.
Ma lalo o ka microscope electron, ua like ke ʻano o ka olonā flax me ka ʻohe hakahaka, ʻo kēia ʻano hakahaka o ka olonā flax, he ʻilikai kikoʻī nui, no laila he mau waiwai hygroscopic a me hygroscopic ikaika ka olonā flax. Hiki i ka flax ke omo i ka wai a hiki i ka 20 manawa o kona kaumaha ponoʻī, hiki i ka flax ke omo i ka 20% o kona kaumaha ponoʻī o ka wai, a mālama mau i ka manaʻo maloʻo.
Ma muli o nā ʻano hygroscopic ikaika a me ka hygroscopic o ka olonā, ʻo ke komo ʻana i nā lole olonā a i ʻole nā papa moe olonā i ke kauwela e hana ai i ka hanana capillary ke pili me ka ʻili, a ua omo koke ʻia ka hou a me ka mahu wai e nā olonā olonā, e hoʻolilo ana i ke kino kanaka i ka emi ʻana o ka mahana a maloʻo ka ʻili. ʻO ia ke kumu e anuanu ai ke olonā.
2. No ke aha ʻaʻohe uila static o ka lole olonā?
ʻAneʻane ʻaʻohe uila paʻa o ka olonā, ka hemp, ka olonā a me nā olonā hemp ʻē aʻe. ʻO ka hoʻihoʻi maʻamau o ka makū o ka olonā (hiki ke hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi ʻia ʻo ia ka nui o ka wai i loko o nā olonā flax) he 12%, he kiʻekiʻe loa ia i loko o nā olonā mea kanu maoli. Me ka hoʻopili ʻana me ke ʻano hakahaka o ka olonā, he waiwai hygroscopic ikaika kona, no laila ʻaʻole hana ka kaulike uku maikaʻi a maikaʻi ʻole o ka olonā flax i ka uila static.
ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi o ka hana ʻole ʻana i ka uila static, ʻo ia ka ʻaʻole e kokoke nā lole olonā ma muli o ka uila static, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke omo i ka lepo a me nā microorganism ʻē aʻe i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. No laila, me ka lole, he lole home maikaʻi loa ka olonā, inā he moena, pale, a i ʻole nā uhi sofa, hiki ke mālama ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi a hōʻemi i ke alapine o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana. I nā lole maʻamau, ʻo ka mea nui e pono ai ke hoʻokomo i ka 10% olonā, hiki ke pale pono i ka uila static.
3. No ke aha he maikaʻi ka lole olonā no ka pale ʻana i ka UV?
(1) ʻO ka olonā olonā, aia ka hemicellulose e hoʻopili ana i ka UV.
(2) He ʻōlinolino maoli ka ʻili o ka olonā olonā a hiki ke hōʻike i kekahi mālamalama.
Pono ka ʻoihana lole i ka cellulose i loko o nā olonā mea kanu. He ʻokoʻa ka olonā mai ka pulupulu, he hua ia a ʻo kona ʻāpana nui he cellulose, me ka liʻiliʻi o nā haumia.
ʻO ka olonā olonā, ma ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka olonā bast mai ke kumu olonā. Ma o kahi moʻo o ka hana ʻana, hiki ke loaʻa ka olonā olonā he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi. Hiki i kahi hectare (100 ʻeka) o ka ʻāina ke hana i 6,000 kilokani o nā mea maka olonā, ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana i ka hemp - comb, hiki ke hana i 500 kilokani i loko o ka olonā pōkole, 300 kilokani i loko o ka olonā pōkole, a me ka olonā lōʻihi 600 kilokani.
I loko o ka fiber flax, ʻo ka nui o ka cellulose he 70 a 80% wale nō, a ʻo ke koena o ka gum (linolenin symbiosis) penei:
(1) Hemicellulose: 8% ~ 11%
(2) Lignin: 0.8%~7%
(3) Lipid wax: 2%~4%
(4) Pectin: 0.4%~4.5%
(5) Nā mea naikokene: 0.4%~0.7%
(6) Ka nui o ka lehu: 0.5%~ 3%
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo nā ʻano he nui o ka fiber flax, e like me ka manaʻo ʻino, ka pale ʻana o UV, ka nalowale o ka lauoho, ma muli o kēia mau colloid.
ʻO ka fiber flax, nona ka hemicellulose 8% ~ 11%, he paʻakikī loa kēia mau ʻāpana hemicellulose, ua haku ʻia me ka xylose, mannose, galactose, arabinose, rhamnoose a me nā copolymers ʻē aʻe, i kēia manawa ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia ke kaʻina hana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke alo o ka hemicellulose e hāʻawi i ka flax i ka pale UV maikaʻi loa.
4. No ke aha i manaʻo ai kekahi olonā he ʻoʻoleʻa, he ʻōniʻoniʻo iki, a ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke hoʻoluʻu?
No ka mea, aia ka lignin i loko o ka flax. ʻO Lignin kekahi o nā ʻāpana o ka paia cell o ka flax, aia nui ia i loko o nā ʻiʻo xylem a me phloem o ke kumu flax, a he kuleana kākoʻo hoʻi i loko o ka flax. ʻO ka hiki ke kū i kekahi mau hopena mechanical.
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia ka lignin i loko o ka fiber flax ma hope o ka hana ʻana, ʻo ka nui o ka lignin ma kahi o 2.5% ~ 5% ma hope o ka degum, a ʻo ka nui o ka lignin ma kahi o 2.88% ma hope o ka hana ʻana i loko o ka olonā flax maka, a hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka liʻiliʻi o ka flax maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe i loko o 1%.
ʻO ka lignin flax, hemicellulose, i ka pōkole, ma waho aʻe o nā ʻāpana āpau o ka cellulose, i kapa ʻia he gum. ʻO nā olonā flax, ma waho aʻe o ka gum lignin, hoʻopilikia pū kekahi i ke ʻano o ka flax.
Ma muli wale nō o ke ola ʻana o ka lignin a me ka gum, no laila, he ʻinoʻino ka manaʻo o ka olonā, he palupalu, he kiʻekiʻe, he palupalu ʻole, a he maneʻo.
Ma muli nō hoʻi o ke alo o ka gum, kiʻekiʻe ke aniani o ka fiber flax, paʻa a paʻa ka hoʻonohonoho molekala, ʻaʻole hiki ke luku ʻia e nā mea hoʻohui dyeing, no laila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka dye ʻana o ka fiber flax, a ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka paʻa o ke kala ma hope o ka dyeing. ʻO ia ke kumu i hana ʻia ai ka nui o nā linen me ka linen.
Inā makemake ʻoe e hanaolonāʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana, ma kekahi ʻaoʻao, ʻo ia ka hana ʻana i kahi lāʻau degumming maikaʻi, ma hope o ʻelua mau degumming e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i nā olonā maikaʻi. A laila, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka soda caustic i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, e hoʻopau i ka crystallization o ka flax, crystallinity flax maoli 70%, ma hope o ka hoʻemi ʻana o ka lāʻau alkali i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i 50 ~ 60%, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka hopena hoʻoluʻu o ka flax. I ka pōkole, inā ʻike ʻoe i nā lole olonā i kala ʻālohilohi ʻia, pono ia he mau waiwai kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe ke ʻano, a ʻaʻole emi ke kumukūʻai.
5. No ke aha e maʻalahi ai ka ʻūlū ʻana o ka lole olonā?
(1) ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka olonā me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi e hoʻololi a ʻāwili. ʻO nā olonā holoholona, e like me ka pulupulu, Modal a me ka hulu hipa, he mau ʻano olonā ʻōwili a he kūpaʻa iki ko lākou i ka hoʻololi ʻana.
(2) He ʻano hakahaka nui ko nā lole i ulana ʻia, a he ikaika loa ke kūpaʻa o ka deformation.
Akā, ʻo kēia mea olonā, ka "ʻohe hakahaka" kila pololei kāne, loaʻa iā ia ka lignin a me nā colloid ʻē aʻe, no laila, ʻaʻole elastic ka olonā olonā, ʻaʻohe ona deformation resilience. ʻO ka lole olonā ka mea nui i ulana ʻia, a ʻaʻole hoʻihoʻi mai ke ʻano o ka lole i ka elasticity. No laila, ʻo ka pelu ʻana o ka olonā, ua like ia me ka haki ʻana i kahi lāʻau liʻiliʻi, kahi hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia.
Ma muli o nā wrinkles o ka olonā, ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, i ke komo ʻana i nā lole olonā, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke lawe i ka hopena o ka pulupulu, ka hulu hipa, a me ka silika ma ke ʻano he kuhikuhi.
Pono e hoʻolālā ʻia a ʻokiʻoki ʻia me nā ʻano o ka olonā, i nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni lole ʻEulopa a me ʻAmelika, ʻo ke kapa e kū mai ana ua hoʻokumu nui ʻia i ka olonā, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolohe i kāu kaila punahele ke ʻike ʻoe i ke kiʻiʻoniʻoni, he nui nā lole olonā e nani loa ana.
I kēia manawa, aia kekahi mau lole olonā maikaʻi kiʻekiʻe, ma hope o ʻelua degumming, lignin a me ka kāohi gum i kahi laulā liʻiliʻi, ka mālama ʻana o ka fiber olonā i loko o kahi kokoke i nā ʻano o ka fiber pulupulu, a laila pulupulu, ʻōpala a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i hui pū ʻia i loko o nā lole i ulana ʻia, ʻo kēia lole olonā kiʻekiʻe e hoʻoponopono maoli i ka pilikia wrinkling o ka olonā, akā he kakaikahi loa kēia ʻano huahana, ʻoi aku ke kumukūʻai ma mua o ka cashmere a me ka silika, ʻaʻole kēia manawa maʻamau, Manaʻo ʻia e kaulana i ka wā e hiki mai ana.
6. No ke aha e maʻalahi ai ka hoʻomaloʻo ʻana a me ka hoʻokahe ʻana o kekahi olonā?
No ka mea, he pōkole loa nā olonā olonā. ʻO ka olonā lole, he lahilahi a he lōʻihi wale nō, hiki ke milo i kahi laina olonā helu kiʻekiʻe maikaʻi, ʻaʻohe lauoho olonā helu kiʻekiʻe, ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke pilling.
Hoʻohana ka olonā olonā kuʻuna i ke ʻano milo pulu, ʻoki ʻia ka olonā olonā i kahi lōʻihi o 20mm, ʻoiai ʻo ka pulupulu, ka hulu hipa, ka velvet a pēlā aku ma kahi o 30mm, hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka olonā olonā he pōkole loa ia, maʻalahi ka lauoho. Aia kekahi olonā pōkole 16mm i loko o ka olonā olonā, a ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka pilling.
Me ka holomua o ke kaʻina hana, aia i kēia manawa ke olonā hemp pulupulu (lole linseed), a me ka olonā maikaʻi. Hoʻoponopono ʻia ka lua o ke kaʻina hana degumming o ka olonā flax i loko o ka olonā 30 ~ 40mm, kokoke i nā ʻano o ka pulupulu, ka hulu hipa a me ka cashmere, a hiki ke hoʻohuihui ʻia a ulana ʻia. No laila, he ʻokoʻa nui ka maikaʻi a me ka ʻokoʻa nui o ke kumukūʻai ma waena o ka olonā a me ka olonā.
7. Loaʻa mai ka ʻaila flaxseed mai ka flax?
ʻAʻole like ke ʻano o ka flax, he lau nahele ka flax, aia nā haneli o nā ʻano o ka flax, i puʻunaue ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana:
(1) ʻO ka olonā lole olonā: e ulu ana ma ka ʻāpana anuanu
(2) ʻO ka flax no ka ʻaila: ulu i nā wahi wela
(3) ʻAila a me ka olonā olonā: e ulu ana ma nā wahi mahana a me nā wahi subtropical
I ko mākou ʻāina, ua kapa ʻia ka olonā fiber he "flax", a ʻo ka ʻaila me ka ʻaila a me ka fiber i kapa ʻia ʻo "flax", hiki i ka hua flax ke hana i ka ʻaila flax, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he ʻaila hua flax. ʻO ka ʻaila flax ma ka honua ka lua o ka wahi hana flax nui loa o ka honua, ʻo ka lua wale nō ka hopena ma hope o Kanada, ulu nui ka flax ma ke komohana ʻākau o Kina, me ka huahana kiʻekiʻe loa ma Inner Mongolia.
ʻO ka olonā olonā a me ka olonā ʻaila nā mea maka no ka ulana ʻana i ka olonā, e hana ana i nā lole olonā a me nā moena olonā a mākou e pono ai. I waena o lākou, ʻo ka olonā olonā i kanu ʻia ma ka ʻāina subfrigid, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hua a me ke ʻano, ʻo nā wahi hana nui: ʻo Palani, Netherlands, Belgium, a me ka ʻāina ʻo Heilongjiang o Kina, ʻo ka hana ʻana o ka olonā lole ma kēia mau wahi, e helu ana ma kahi o 10% o ka huina o ka hana olonā honua. No laila, ʻo ka olonā i ulu ʻia ma ka honua nei ke hana nui nei i ka ʻaila, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka ʻai ʻana ma mua o ke komo ʻana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Sep-26-2024
